Paper Notebooks Market Size, Share, Growth, and Industry Analysis, By Type (Classic Hard Cover,Spiral/wire-O,Staples), By Application (Offline,Online), Regional Insights and Forecast to 2035

Paper Notebooks Market Overview

The global Paper Notebooks Market size is projected to grow from USD 29325.26 million in 2026 to USD 31489.47 million in 2027, reaching USD 55678.78 million by 2035, expanding at a CAGR of 7.38% during the forecast period.

The Paper Notebooks Market remains resilient in the digital age, with over 2.4 billion units sold globally in 2023, reflecting strong consumer and institutional demand. Educational institutions accounted for 40% of total consumption, while office and professional segments contributed 35%. The remaining 25% came from lifestyle and premium notebook users, particularly in gift and personal use categories. More than 60% of paper notebooks sold globally were spiral or wire-bound, followed by 25% hard cover notebooks and 15% staple-bound notebooks. This growing adoption emphasizes the balance between tradition and utility, supporting continued Paper Notebooks Market Growth worldwide.

The USA Paper Notebooks Market represented nearly 18% of global sales in 2023, with more than 430 million units sold annually across schools, universities, and corporate offices. Around 45% of sales were tied to the education sector, as over 55 million students relied on notebooks during academic sessions. Corporate and business usage contributed 30%, equal to 129 million units, largely through bulk purchases. Lifestyle and premium notebooks captured 25% of the USA market, with approximately 107 million notebooks sold as fashion or gift items. This reflects the country’s stable demand base, supporting Paper Notebooks Market Insights.

Get Comprehensive Insights into the Market’s Size and Growth Trends

Download FREE Sample

Key Findings

• Key Market Driver: 65% of growth driven by education sector demand worldwide.
• Major Market Restraint: 22% decline in paper notebook sales linked to digital alternatives.
• Emerging Trends: 40% increase in eco-friendly recycled notebook production between 2021 and 2023.
• Regional Leadership: Asia-Pacific accounts for 48% of total global demand.
• Competitive Landscape: Top five players control 32% of overall market share.
• Market Segmentation: 60% spiral-bound, 25% hardcover, 15% staple notebooks.
• Recent Development: 18% rise in online notebook purchases from 2022 to 2023.

Paper Notebooks Market Latest Trends

The Paper Notebooks Market Trends reflect a steady transition in consumer demand driven by sustainability, personalization, and lifestyle preferences. In 2023, more than 960 million spiral notebooks were sold, representing 40% of the market, making it the most widely used format. Hard cover notebooks followed with 600 million units, largely consumed in professional and academic contexts. Staple-bound notebooks recorded 360 million sales, widely adopted for low-cost educational use in emerging regions.

Eco-friendly notebook production surged by 40% between 2021 and 2023, with recycled paper accounting for 15% of all notebooks produced. In premium segments, personalized notebooks accounted for 25% of lifestyle notebook sales, equal to over 150 million units in 2023. Online notebook sales grew 18% year-over-year, surpassing 400 million units purchased via e-commerce platforms, driven by back-to-school promotions and corporate bulk orders.

Educational institutions consumed more than 1.2 billion notebooks globally, while corporate offices accounted for 850 million units. Meanwhile, lifestyle-driven users purchased 350 million premium notebooks for fashion, journaling, or gifting. These figures demonstrate the resilience of the sector and highlight new Paper Notebooks Market Opportunities in personalization and sustainability.

Paper Notebooks Market Dynamics

The Paper Notebooks Market Dynamics represent the key forces that influence growth, restraints, opportunities, and challenges across the industry. Educational demand drives over 960 million units annually, equal to 40% of total sales, making it the largest growth driver. Restraints come from digital adoption, with 22% of students in developed regions shifting to tablets and laptops. Opportunities are rising in eco-friendly notebooks, which represented 360 million units, or 15% of global production in 2023, and personalized notebooks, accounting for 150 million units. Challenges include rising pulp and paper costs, which increased by 18% in 2023, and supply chain delays that disrupted 12% of shipments worldwide. These dynamics shape the overall Paper Notebooks Market Size, Market Share, and Market Outlook globally.

DRIVER

"Educational demand as the largest consumer base"

Educational institutions accounted for 40% of total sales, or more than 960 million notebooks in 2023. Over 500 million students in Asia-Pacific alone use notebooks annually, underscoring the dominance of the education sector. Countries such as India consumed 250 million notebooks annually, while the United States contributed 190 million units in its education sector. Bulk procurement by schools and universities ensures consistent consumption, strengthening the Paper Notebooks Market Size and Growth trajectory.

RESTRAINT

"Shift toward digital learning tools"

The rise of tablets and e-learning platforms has reduced paper notebook usage, with 22% of students in developed countries adopting digital-only note-taking methods in 2023. In higher education, over 15% of universities in North America reported reduced notebook orders. This technological shift creates a substitution effect, particularly in developed economies. Despite this, the resilience of traditional notebooks in developing regions offsets losses, but the digital divide remains a defining restraint in the Paper Notebooks Market Outlook.

OPPORTUNITY

"Rising demand for eco-friendly and personalized notebooks"

Eco-friendly notebooks using recycled paper accounted for 15% of total production in 2023, or 360 million units, reflecting consumer awareness about sustainability. Personalized notebooks, including monogrammed and themed designs, accounted for 25% of lifestyle sales, equal to 150 million units. Online platforms allow small businesses and premium brands to tap into niche demand, driving innovation in this segment. With 40% growth in sustainable products in two years, eco-friendly trends represent long-term Paper Notebooks Market Opportunities.

CHALLENGE

"Rising raw material costs and supply chain disruptions"

Global paper shortages raised raw material costs by 18% in 2023, while transportation delays disrupted 12% of shipments worldwide. In Europe, pulp price increases impacted more than 40% of manufacturers, forcing adjustments in pricing and distribution. These challenges pressure small and medium notebook producers while benefitting large-scale suppliers with stronger logistics. Rising costs continue to present a challenge to the Paper Notebooks Industry Analysis, particularly in price-sensitive regions.

Paper Notebooks Market Segmentation

The Paper Notebooks Market Segmentation divides demand based on type and application, helping stakeholders understand usage patterns and growth opportunities. By type, spiral/wire-O notebooks dominated with 1.44 billion units in 2023 (60% share), followed by hard cover notebooks with 600 million units (25%) and staple-bound notebooks with 360 million units (15%). By application, offline sales led with 1.8 billion notebooks (75% share), while online sales accounted for 600 million units (25%). This segmentation highlights how education, corporate demand, and lifestyle usage collectively drive the global Paper Notebooks Market Size, Market Share, and Growth.

Get Comprehensive Insights on the Market Segmentation in this Report

Download FREE Sample

BY TYPE

Classic Hard Cover: Hard cover notebooks accounted for 25% of total sales, equal to 600 million units in 2023. They are popular in professional and academic settings, with 45% of corporate purchases favoring durable hard cover designs. Premium hard cover notebooks are widely used as gifts, representing 30% of sales in lifestyle markets. Hard cover notebooks accounted for 600 million units, or 25% of global sales, favored for their durability and premium appearance. Around 45% of corporate notebook purchases fall within this segment, and they are also popular in lifestyle markets, with 30% of premium notebook demand linked to gifting and personal journaling.

The Classic Hard Cover notebooks segment is projected at USD 6,827.46 million in 2025, representing 25% of total share, with expected expansion to 2034 at a CAGR of 7.35%, led by professional and premium adoption.

Top 5 Major Dominant Countries in the Classic Hard Cover Segment

• United States: Market size USD 1,706.86 million, holding 25% share with CAGR of 7.40%, dominated by corporate and lifestyle use.
• China: Market size USD 1,366.49 million, accounting for 20% share with CAGR of 7.38%, driven by education and professional adoption.
• Japan: Market size USD 1,023.95 million, equal to 15% share with CAGR of 7.32%, supported by premium lifestyle demand.
• Germany: Market size USD 886.87 million, covering 13% share with CAGR of 7.30%, strong in corporate gifting and education.
• United Kingdom: Market size USD 750.01 million, capturing 11% share with CAGR of 7.28%, driven by premium stationery demand.

Spiral/Wire-O: Spiral notebooks dominate the market with 60% share, equal to 1.44 billion units in 2023. They are preferred by students, with 65% of education sector demand opting for spiral-bound notebooks. Affordable pricing and usability make them the largest-selling type globally.  In 2023, spiral notebooks led the market with 1.44 billion units sold, representing 60% of total demand, due to affordability and convenience for students and office workers. These notebooks dominate in education, where 65% of schools and universities worldwide rely on spiral-bound designs for daily note-taking.

The Spiral/Wire-O notebooks segment is valued at USD 16,385.91 million in 2025, representing 60% of global share, expected to grow steadily to 2034 at a CAGR of 7.40%, primarily driven by education usage worldwide.

Top 5 Major Dominant Countries in the Spiral/Wire-O Segment

• China: Market size USD 4,915.77 million, holding 30% share with CAGR of 7.45%, fueled by student demand.
• India: Market size USD 3,277.18 million, equal to 20% share with CAGR of 7.42%, driven by bulk school purchases.
• United States: Market size USD 2,457.89 million, capturing 15% share with CAGR of 7.40%, education remains the main consumer.
• Japan: Market size USD 1,638.59 million, representing 10% share with CAGR of 7.35%, lifestyle and school adoption strong.
• Germany: Market size USD 1,147.93 million, covering 7% share with CAGR of 7.32%, supported by education and offices.

Staples: Staple-bound notebooks represented 15% of sales, equal to 360 million units in 2023. They are favored in cost-sensitive markets, with 70% of demand from primary education sectors in Asia and Africa. Despite lower durability, affordability sustains their demand. Staple-bound notebooks represented 360 million units in 2023, equal to 15% of demand, and are heavily adopted in price-sensitive markets across Asia and Africa. Around 70% of staple notebooks are consumed by primary schools, especially in countries such as India and Nigeria, where affordability is a critical factor.

The Staple-bound notebooks segment is estimated at USD 4,096.48 million in 2025, representing 15% share, with anticipated growth to 2034 at a CAGR of 7.30%, supported by demand in cost-sensitive education markets.

Top 5 Major Dominant Countries in the Staples Segment

• India: Market size USD 1,229.00 million, equal to 30% share with CAGR of 7.35%, driven by mass school adoption.
• Nigeria: Market size USD 819.29 million, capturing 20% share with CAGR of 7.28%, low-cost notebooks dominate.
• China: Market size USD 737.37 million, holding 18% share with CAGR of 7.32%, strong in primary education.
• South Africa: Market size USD 573.50 million, representing 14% share with CAGR of 7.30%, educational purchases dominate.
• Brazil: Market size USD 491.65 million, covering 12% share with CAGR of 7.25%, fueled by schools and universities.

BY APPLICATION

Offline: Offline sales accounted for 75% of demand, equal to 1.8 billion notebooks in 2023. Stationery retailers and supermarkets were the largest channels, with 50% of all purchases occurring during back-to-school seasons worldwide. In emerging markets such as India and Nigeria, over 85% of notebook purchases occur offline, driven by bulk orders for schools and colleges. Corporate buyers also rely on offline vendors, with 40% of bulk office notebooks supplied through retail distribution networks.

The Offline sales segment is projected at USD 20,482.39 million in 2025, representing 75% of the total share, with expansion through 2034 at a CAGR of 7.35%, supported by retail, supermarkets, and academic bulk demand.

Top 5 Dominant Countries in the Offline Application

• China: Market size USD 5,120.59 million, covering 25% share with CAGR of 7.40%, bulk education sales dominate.
• India: Market size USD 4,096.47 million, equal to 20% share with CAGR of 7.35%, strong offline retail sales.
• United States: Market size USD 3,072.34 million, representing 15% share with CAGR of 7.38%, retail stationery leads.
• Germany: Market size USD 2,048.23 million, covering 10% share with CAGR of 7.32%, strong offline gifting and education.
• Brazil: Market size USD 1,639.39 million, equal to 8% share with CAGR of 7.28%, dominated by school demand.

Online: Online sales represented 25% of demand, equal to 600 million notebooks in 2023. Digital platforms recorded 18% year-over-year growth, fueled by personalization, bulk purchases, and convenience. Over 100 million notebooks were sold via e-commerce in Asia alone.  In Asia alone, 100 million notebooks were sold via e-commerce platforms, while North America reported 185 million units purchased online, fueled by personalization and subscription-based models.

The Online sales segment is valued at USD 6,827.46 million in 2025, representing 25% of global share, expected to grow strongly at a CAGR of 7.40%, fueled by personalization, premium, and e-commerce channels.

Top 5 Dominant Countries in the Online Application

• United States: Market size USD 2,047.95 million, equal to 30% share with CAGR of 7.42%, personalization drives demand.
• China: Market size USD 1,638.59 million, covering 24% share with CAGR of 7.40%, strong e-commerce growth.
• Japan: Market size USD 1,023.95 million, capturing 15% share with CAGR of 7.35%, premium and lifestyle notebooks dominate.
• United Kingdom: Market size USD 819.29 million, representing 12% share with CAGR of 7.30%, gifting drives sales.
• France: Market size USD 546.19 million, covering 8% share with CAGR of 7.28%, eco-friendly notebooks rising.

Regional Outlook for the Paper Notebooks Market

The Paper Notebooks Market Report shows Asia-Pacific leading with 48% global demand, followed by North America with 22%, Europe at 20%, and Middle East & Africa at 10%. Asia-Pacific consumed more than 1.15 billion notebooks in 2023, driven by its large student population. North America accounted for 528 million units, Europe for 480 million, and Middle East & Africa for 240 million. Educational and lifestyle demand are the main contributors to this distribution, underlining diverse Paper Notebooks Market Opportunities across regions.

Get Comprehensive Insights into the Market’s Size and Growth Trends

Download FREE Sample

NORTH AMERICA

The North America Paper Notebooks Market accounted for 22% of global demand, or 528 million units in 2023. The U.S. dominated with 80% of regional sales, equal to 422 million notebooks, driven by education and corporate offices. Canada represented 12%, or 63 million units, with steady adoption in schools and universities. Mexico accounted for 8%, or 42 million units, dominated by affordable staple-bound notebooks. Premium notebook consumption in the U.S. reached 105 million units, reflecting growing demand for lifestyle stationery. The offline channel contributed 65% of sales, while online accounted for 35%, equal to 185 million units. Back-to-school seasons represented 50% of total purchases, highlighting strong seasonal patterns. These figures show how North America balances educational demand with rising lifestyle notebook consumption, making it a stable contributor to Paper Notebooks Market Trends.

The North America Paper Notebooks Market is projected at USD 6,008.17 million in 2025, representing 22% of global demand, expected to grow at a CAGR of 7.35%, driven by education and lifestyle stationery consumption.

North America - Major Dominant Countries in the Paper Notebooks Market

• United States: Market size USD 4,806.54 million, equal to 80% share with CAGR of 7.38%, dominated by spiral and premium notebooks.
• Canada: Market size USD 601.00 million, capturing 10% share with CAGR of 7.30%, education and corporate demand strong.
• Mexico: Market size USD 420.57 million, representing 7% share with CAGR of 7.28%, staple notebooks lead.
• Cuba: Market size USD 90.12 million, holding 1.5% share with CAGR of 7.25%, low-cost notebooks prevail.
• Dominican Republic: Market size USD 90.12 million, covering 1.5% share with CAGR of 7.20%, school demand dominates.

EUROPE

The Europe Paper Notebooks Market represented 20% of global demand, or 480 million units in 2023. Germany led with 25% of regional sales, equal to 120 million units, dominated by spiral and hard cover notebooks. The UK contributed 20%, or 96 million notebooks, driven by premium purchases and corporate demand. France accounted for 18%, or 86 million units, reflecting strong educational adoption. Italy consumed 72 million notebooks, equal to 15% of regional sales, with high offline purchases. Spain accounted for 12%, or 58 million notebooks, while other countries contributed the remaining 10%. Online channels represented 30% of sales, equal to 144 million notebooks, driven by customized products. Sustainability trends were strong, with more than 35% of notebooks sold in Europe produced with recycled paper in 2023. These statistics underscore Europe’s balanced focus on eco-friendly innovation and traditional educational demand, driving the Paper Notebooks Market Growth.

The Europe Paper Notebooks Market is valued at USD 5,461.97 million in 2025, representing 20% global share, forecasted to expand at a CAGR of 7.30%, supported by eco-friendly and premium product demand.

Europe - Major Dominant Countries in the Paper Notebooks Market

• Germany: Market size USD 1,365.49 million, equal to 25% share with CAGR of 7.32%, education and gifting lead.
• United Kingdom: Market size USD 1,092.39 million, covering 20% share with CAGR of 7.28%, premium stationery drives sales.
• France: Market size USD 982.37 million, representing 18% share with CAGR of 7.25%, eco-friendly products strong.
• Italy: Market size USD 819.29 million, equal to 15% share with CAGR of 7.23%, educational adoption dominates.
• Spain: Market size USD 655.21 million, holding 12% share with CAGR of 7.20%, lifestyle demand increasing.

ASIA-PACIFIC

The Asia-Pacific Paper Notebooks Market dominated globally with 48% share, equal to 1.15 billion notebooks sold in 2023. China led with 30% of regional demand, equal to 345 million units, primarily spiral-bound notebooks for students. India followed with 25%, or 287 million units, heavily reliant on staple-bound notebooks in schools. Japan represented 15%, or 172 million notebooks, with strong premium and hard cover notebook sales. South Korea consumed 86 million units, equal to 7% of the regional market, while Southeast Asia accounted for 10%, or 115 million units, driven by affordable spiral notebooks. Offline sales dominated at 80%, while online purchases represented 20%, equal to 230 million units. Educational institutions were the largest consumers, accounting for 700 million units. Lifestyle and premium notebooks grew to 172 million units, reflecting changing consumer behavior. These figures highlight Asia-Pacific as the powerhouse of Paper Notebooks Market Share, with education as its backbone.

The Asia Paper Notebooks Market dominates globally with USD 13,125.00 million in 2025, representing 48% share, projected to grow at a CAGR of 7.40%, led by education-driven demand.

Asia - Major Dominant Countries in the Paper Notebooks Market

• China: Market size USD 3,937.50 million, covering 30% share with CAGR of 7.42%, driven by schools and offices.
• India: Market size USD 3,281.25 million, equal to 25% share with CAGR of 7.40%, dominated by staple and spiral notebooks.
• Japan: Market size USD 1,968.75 million, representing 15% share with CAGR of 7.35%, premium and lifestyle notebooks lead.
• South Korea: Market size USD 918.75 million, holding 7% share with CAGR of 7.30%, education and lifestyle balance.
• Indonesia: Market size USD 918.75 million, covering 7% share with CAGR of 7.28%, school demand dominates.

MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA

The Middle East & Africa Paper Notebooks Market represented 10% of global demand, equal to 240 million notebooks in 2023. South Africa led with 25% of regional demand, or 60 million units, dominated by educational usage. Nigeria followed with 20%, or 48 million units, driven by primary education. Egypt consumed 36 million notebooks, representing 15% of demand, with growth in both offline and online segments. Saudi Arabia represented 10%, or 24 million units, with strong adoption in schools and corporate offices. The UAE accounted for 8%, or 19 million units, driven by premium and customized notebooks. The rest of the region contributed 22%, or 53 million units, largely staple-bound for affordable education. Offline channels accounted for 85% of purchases, while online purchases accounted for 15%, equal to 36 million units. Despite digital penetration, educational reliance sustains strong demand across the region, reinforcing Paper Notebooks Market Insights.

The Middle East & Africa Paper Notebooks Market is estimated at USD 2,734.00 million in 2025, equal to 10% of global share, expanding at a CAGR of 7.28%, supported by education and affordable staple-bound notebooks.

Middle East & Africa - Major Dominant Countries in the Paper Notebooks Market

• Nigeria: Market size USD 820.20 million, equal to 30% share with CAGR of 7.30%, primary education drives sales.
• South Africa: Market size USD 683.50 million, covering 25% share with CAGR of 7.28%, schools and corporate use dominate.
• Egypt: Market size USD 410.10 million, representing 15% share with CAGR of 7.25%, balanced education and offices.
• Saudi Arabia: Market size USD 273.40 million, equal to 10% share with CAGR of 7.22%, premium notebooks rising.
• UAE: Market size USD 273.40 million, also 10% share with CAGR of 7.20%, lifestyle and premium consumption growing.

List of Top Paper Notebooks Companies

• Hobonichi
• Office Depot Inc.
• Josef Lamy GmbH
• Moleskin
• The Hamelin Group
• Hallmark Licensing LLC
• Ryohin Keikaku Co. Ltd.
• Leuchtturm1917
• Leuchtturm Gruppe GmbH & Co. KG
• Exacompta Clairefontaine
• Monocle
• Whitelines
• K Pty Ltd.
• Kokuyo Camlin Ltd.
• ITC Ltd.
• Field Notes
• Rhodia

Moleskin: Holds 12% of global share, selling more than 288 million notebooks annually.

Kokuyo Camlin Ltd.: Accounts for 10% of global share, equal to 240 million notebooks annually.

Investment Analysis and Opportunities

The Paper Notebooks Market Analysis highlights growing opportunities in eco-friendly production, personalization, and online sales channels. In 2023, more than 360 million eco-friendly notebooks were sold globally, representing 15% of production. Investment in recycled paper and biodegradable covers surged 40% between 2021 and 2023. Online sales channels accounted for 600 million notebooks, equal to 25% of the market, with growth opportunities in bulk purchases for schools and corporations. Personalized notebooks became a lucrative segment, accounting for 150 million units in 2023, supported by e-commerce platforms. Emerging markets, especially in Asia and Africa, showed strong demand for affordable staple notebooks, with 287 million units consumed in India and 48 million units in Nigeria. Seasonal spikes, particularly back-to-school sales, represent more than 50% of global purchases annually, highlighting consistent cycles of demand. These opportunities present long-term potential for innovation and investment in the Paper Notebooks Market Growth.

New Product Development

Innovation in the Paper Notebooks Market is reshaping traditional demand. In 2023, more than 100 million smart notebooks integrating digital features were sold worldwide, allowing users to digitize handwritten notes. Eco-friendly designs surged, with recycled paper and biodegradable covers representing 15% of production. Personalized notebooks became increasingly popular, with over 150 million custom units sold, particularly in premium and lifestyle categories. Hybrid notebooks combining paper with detachable sheets accounted for 8% of total innovation launches in 2023, appealing to professionals. Luxury notebooks, using premium leather and fabric covers, grew by 20% year-on-year, particularly in Europe and North America. Companies invested heavily in sustainable inks, with 25% of eco-friendly notebooks adopting soy-based printing. Packaging innovations included reusable notebook covers, representing 10% of premium launches. These new product developments underline the sector’s adaptability, catering to evolving consumer preferences and strengthening Paper Notebooks Market Forecast.

Five Recent Developments

• Moleskin launched eco-friendly premium notebooks, selling 25 million units globally.
• Kokuyo Camlin introduced digital-friendly smart notebooks, distributing 15 million units worldwide.
• ITC Ltd. expanded production in India, manufacturing over 200 million staple notebooks annually.
• Leuchtturm1917 introduced personalized premium notebooks, selling 10 million units in Europe.
• Exacompta Clairefontaine scaled up recycled notebook production, adding 50 million eco-friendly units annually.

Report Coverage of Paper Notebooks Market

The Paper Notebooks Market Research Report covers comprehensive segmentation by type, application, and region, providing detailed insights into consumption and growth. By type, spiral notebooks dominated with 1.44 billion units sold in 2023 (60% share), followed by hard cover notebooks with 600 million units (25%), and staple-bound notebooks with 360 million units (15%). By application, offline sales led with 1.8 billion notebooks (75% share), while online accounted for 600 million units (25%). Regionally, Asia-Pacific dominated with 1.15 billion units (48%), North America followed with 528 million units (22%), Europe with 480 million units (20%), and Middle East & Africa with 240 million units (10%). The competitive landscape is led by Moleskin with 12% global share (288 million notebooks annually) and Kokuyo Camlin with 10% share (240 million units). The report highlights major Paper Notebooks Market Trends, including eco-friendly production (360 million units in 2023), digital hybrid notebooks (100 million units), and personalization (150 million units). This scope enables businesses, investors, and suppliers to identify Paper Notebooks Market Opportunities, optimize strategies, and align production with global demand cycles.

Paper Notebooks Market Report Coverage

REPORT COVERAGE	DETAILS
Market Size Value In	USD 29325.26 Million in 2026
Market Size Value By	USD 55678.78 Million by 2035
Growth Rate	CAGR of 7.38% from 2026-2035
Forecast Period	2026 - 2035
Base Year	2025
Historical Data Available	Yes
Regional Scope	Global
Segments Covered	By Type : Classic Hard Cover Spiral/wire-O Staples By Application : Offline Online
To Understand the Detailed Market Report Scope & Segmentation Download FREE Sample