Table of Content 1 Medium Voltage Transformers Introduction and Market Overview 1.1 Objectives of the Study 1.2 Overview of Medium Voltage Transformers 1.3 Scope of The Study 1.3.1 Key Market Segments 1.3.2 Players Covered 1.3.3 COVID-19's impact on the Medium Voltage Transformers industry 1.4 Methodology of The Study 1.5 Research Data Source 2 Executive Summary 2.1 Market Overview 2.1.1 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Size, 2015 – 2020 2.1.2 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Size by Type, 2015 – 2020 2.1.3 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Size by Application, 2015 – 2020 2.1.4 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Size by Region, 2015 - 2025 2.2 Business Environment Analysis 2.2.1 Global COVID-19 Status and Economic Overview 2.2.2 Influence of COVID-19 Outbreak on Medium Voltage Transformers Industry Development 3 Industry Chain Analysis 3.1 Upstream Raw Material Suppliers of Medium Voltage Transformers Analysis 3.2 Major Players of Medium Voltage Transformers 3.3 Medium Voltage Transformers Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis 3.3.1 Production Process Analysis 3.3.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure of Medium Voltage Transformers 3.3.3 Labor Cost of Medium Voltage Transformers 3.4 Market Distributors of Medium Voltage Transformers 3.5 Major Downstream Buyers of Medium Voltage Transformers Analysis 3.6 The Impact of Covid-19 From the Perspective of Industry Chain 3.7 Regional Import and Export Controls Will Exist for a Long Time 3.8 Continued downward PMI Spreads Globally 4 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market, by Type 4.1 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value and Market Share by Type (2015-2020) 4.2 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020) 4.3 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value and Growth Rate by Type (2015-2020) 4.3.1 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value and Growth Rate of Dry type 4.3.2 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value and Growth Rate of Oil immersed type 4.3.3 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value and Growth Rate of VPI type 4.4 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Price Analysis by Type (2015-2020) 5 Medium Voltage Transformers Market, by Application 5.1 Downstream Market Overview 5.2 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Consumption and Market Share by Application (2015-2020) 5.3 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Consumption and Growth Rate by Application (2015-2020) 5.3.1 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Consumption and Growth Rate of Utility Use (2015-2020) 5.3.2 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Consumption and Growth Rate of Commercial Use (2015-2020) 5.3.3 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Consumption and Growth Rate of Industrial Use (2015-2020) 6 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Analysis by Regions 6.1 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Regions 6.1.1 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Sales by Regions (2015-2020) 6.1.2 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue by Regions (2015-2020) 6.2 North America Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 6.3 Europe Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 6.4 Asia-Pacific Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 6.5 Middle East and Africa Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 6.6 South America Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 7 North America Medium Voltage Transformers Market Analysis by Countries 7.1 The Influence of COVID-19 on North America Market 7.2 North America Medium Voltage Transformers Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries 7.2.1 North America Medium Voltage Transformers Sales by Countries (2015-2020) 7.2.2 North America Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue by Countries (2015-2020) 7.3 United States Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 7.4 Canada Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 7.5 Mexico Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 8 Europe Medium Voltage Transformers Market Analysis by Countries 8.1 The Influence of COVID-19 on Europe Market 8.2 Europe Medium Voltage Transformers Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries 8.2.1 Europe Medium Voltage Transformers Sales by Countries (2015-2020) 8.2.2 Europe Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue by Countries (2015-2020) 8.3 Germany Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 8.4 UK Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 8.5 France Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 8.6 Italy Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 8.7 Spain Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 8.8 Russia Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 9 Asia Pacific Medium Voltage Transformers Market Analysis by Countries 9.1 The Influence of COVID-19 on Asia Pacific Market 9.2 Asia Pacific Medium Voltage Transformers Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries 9.2.1 Asia Pacific Medium Voltage Transformers Sales by Countries (2015-2020) 9.2.2 Asia Pacific Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue by Countries (2015-2020) 9.3 China Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 9.4 Japan Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 9.5 South Korea Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 9.6 India Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 9.7 Southeast Asia Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 9.8 Australia Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 10 Middle East and Africa Medium Voltage Transformers Market Analysis by Countries 10.1 The Influence of COVID-19 on Middle East and Africa Market 10.2 Middle East and Africa Medium Voltage Transformers Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries 10.2.1 Middle East and Africa Medium Voltage Transformers Sales by Countries (2015-2020) 10.2.2 Middle East and Africa Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue by Countries (2015-2020) 10.3 Saudi Arabia Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 10.4 UAE Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 10.5 Egypt Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 10.6 Nigeria Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 10.7 South Africa Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 11 South America Medium Voltage Transformers Market Analysis by Countries 11.1 The Influence of COVID-19 on Middle East and Africa Market 11.2 South America Medium Voltage Transformers Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries 11.2.1 South America Medium Voltage Transformers Sales by Countries (2015-2020) 11.2.2 South America Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue by Countries (2015-2020) 11.3 Brazil Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 11.4 Argentina Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 11.5 Columbia Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 11.6 Chile Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) 12 Competitive Landscape 12.1 Crompton Greaves Ltd 12.1.1 Crompton Greaves Ltd Basic Information 12.1.2 Medium Voltage Transformers Product Introduction 12.1.3 Crompton Greaves Ltd Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.2 Emerson Industrial Automation 12.2.1 Emerson Industrial Automation Basic Information 12.2.2 Medium Voltage Transformers Product Introduction 12.2.3 Emerson Industrial Automation Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.3 Siemens 12.3.1 Siemens Basic Information 12.3.2 Medium Voltage Transformers Product Introduction 12.3.3 Siemens Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.4 Schneider Electric 12.4.1 Schneider Electric Basic Information 12.4.2 Medium Voltage Transformers Product Introduction 12.4.3 Schneider Electric Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.5 Hammond Power Solutions 12.5.1 Hammond Power Solutions Basic Information 12.5.2 Medium Voltage Transformers Product Introduction 12.5.3 Hammond Power Solutions Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.6 Mitsubishi Electric 12.6.1 Mitsubishi Electric Basic Information 12.6.2 Medium Voltage Transformers Product Introduction 12.6.3 Mitsubishi Electric Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.7 ABB 12.7.1 ABB Basic Information 12.7.2 Medium Voltage Transformers Product Introduction 12.7.3 ABB Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.8 Eaton Corporation 12.8.1 Eaton Corporation Basic Information 12.8.2 Medium Voltage Transformers Product Introduction 12.8.3 Eaton Corporation Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.9 Kirloskar Electric 12.9.1 Kirloskar Electric Basic Information 12.9.2 Medium Voltage Transformers Product Introduction 12.9.3 Kirloskar Electric Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.10 SMA America 12.10.1 SMA America Basic Information 12.10.2 Medium Voltage Transformers Product Introduction 12.10.3 SMA America Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 13 Industry Outlook 13.1 Market Driver Analysis 13.1.2 Market Restraints Analysis 13.1.3 Market Trends Analysis 13.2 Merger, Acquisition and New Investment 13.3 News of Product Release 14 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Forecast 14.1 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Value & Volume Forecast, by Type (2020-2025) 14.1.1 Dry type Market Value and Volume Forecast (2020-2025) 14.1.2 Oil immersed type Market Value and Volume Forecast (2020-2025) 14.1.3 VPI type Market Value and Volume Forecast (2020-2025) 14.2 Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Value & Volume Forecast, by Application (2020-2025) 14.2.1 Utility Use Market Value and Volume Forecast (2020-2025) 14.2.2 Commercial Use Market Value and Volume Forecast (2020-2025) 14.2.3 Industrial Use Market Value and Volume Forecast (2020-2025) 14.3 Medium Voltage Transformers Market Analysis and Forecast by Region 14.3.1 North America Market Value and Consumption Forecast (2020-2025) 14.3.2 Europe Market Value and Consumption Forecast (2020-2025) 14.3.3 Asia Pacific Market Value and Consumption Forecast (2020-2025) 14.3.4 Middle East and Africa Market Value and Consumption Forecast (2020-2025) 14.3.5 South America Market Value and Consumption Forecast (2020-2025) 15 New Project Feasibility Analysis 15.1 Industry Barriers and New Entrants SWOT Analysis 15.1.1 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis 15.1.2 New Entrants SWOT Analysis 15.2 Analysis and Suggestions on New Project Investment  

List of Tables and Figures Figure Product Picture of Medium Voltage Transformers Table Product Specification of Medium Voltage Transformers Table Medium Voltage Transformers Key Market Segments Table Key Players Medium Voltage Transformers Covered Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Size, 2015 – 2025 Table Different Types of Medium Voltage Transformers Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value ($) Segment by Type from 2015-2020 Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Share by Types in 2019 Table Different Applications of Medium Voltage Transformers Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value ($) Segment by Applications from 2015-2020 Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Share by Applications in 2019 Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Share by Regions in 2019 Figure North America Medium Voltage Transformers Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Europe Medium Voltage Transformers Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Asia Pacific Medium Voltage Transformers Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Middle East and Africa Medium Voltage Transformers Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure South America Medium Voltage Transformers Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Table Global COVID-19 Status and Economic Overview Figure Global COVID-19 Status Figure COVID-19 Comparison of Major Countries Figure Industry Chain Analysis of Medium Voltage Transformers Table Upstream Raw Material Suppliers of Medium Voltage Transformers with Contact Information Table Major Players Headquarters, and Service Area of Medium Voltage Transformers Figure Major Players Production Value Market Share of Medium Voltage Transformers in 2019 Table Major Players Medium Voltage Transformers Product Types in 2019 Figure Production Process of Medium Voltage Transformers Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Medium Voltage Transformers Figure Channel Status of Medium Voltage Transformers Table Major Distributors of Medium Voltage Transformers with Contact Information Table Major Downstream Buyers of Medium Voltage Transformers with Contact Information Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value ($) by Type (2015-2020) Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value Share by Type (2015-2020) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value Share by Type (2015-2020) Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Production by Type (2015-2020) Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Production Share by Type (2015-2020) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Production Share by Type (2015-2020) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value ($) and Growth Rate of Dry type (2015-2020) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value ($) and Growth Rate of Oil immersed type (2015-2020) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Value ($) and Growth Rate of VPI type (2015-2020) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Price by Type (2015-2020) Figure Downstream Market Overview Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Consumption by Application (2015-2020) Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Consumption Market Share by Application (2015-2020) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Consumption Market Share by Application (2015-2020) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Consumption and Growth Rate of Utility Use (2015-2020) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Consumption and Growth Rate of Commercial Use (2015-2020) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Consumption and Growth Rate of Industrial Use (2015-2020) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue (M USD) and Growth (2015-2020) Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Sales by Regions (2015-2020) Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Sales Market Share by Regions (2015-2020) Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue (M USD) by Regions (2015-2020) Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue Market Share by Regions (2015-2020) Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2015 Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2019 Figure North America Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Europe Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Asia-Pacific Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Middle East and Africa Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure South America Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure North America COVID-19 Status Figure North America COVID-19 Confirmed Cases Major Distribution Figure North America Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue (M USD) and Growth (2015-2020) Table North America Medium Voltage Transformers Sales by Countries (2015-2020) Table North America Medium Voltage Transformers Sales Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Table North America Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue (M USD) by Countries (2015-2020) Table North America Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Figure United States Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Canada Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Mexico Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Europe COVID-19 Status Figure Europe COVID-19 Confirmed Cases Major Distribution Figure Europe Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue (M USD) and Growth (2015-2020) Table Europe Medium Voltage Transformers Sales by Countries (2015-2020) Table Europe Medium Voltage Transformers Sales Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Table Europe Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue (M USD) by Countries (2015-2020) Table Europe Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Figure Germany Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure UK Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure France Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Italy Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Spain Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Russia Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Asia Pacific COVID-19 Status Figure Asia Pacific Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue (M USD) and Growth (2015-2020) Table Asia Pacific Medium Voltage Transformers Sales by Countries (2015-2020) Table Asia Pacific Medium Voltage Transformers Sales Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Table Asia Pacific Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue (M USD) by Countries (2015-2020) Table Asia Pacific Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Figure China Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Japan Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure South Korea Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure India Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Southeast Asia Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Australia Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Middle East Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue (M USD) and Growth (2015-2020) Table Middle East Medium Voltage Transformers Sales by Countries (2015-2020) Table Middle East and Africa Medium Voltage Transformers Sales Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Table Middle East and Africa Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue (M USD) by Countries (2015-2020) Table Middle East and Africa Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Figure Saudi Arabia Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure UAE Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Egypt Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Nigeria Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure South Africa Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure South America Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue (M USD) and Growth (2015-2020) Table South America Medium Voltage Transformers Sales by Countries (2015-2020) Table South America Medium Voltage Transformers Sales Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Table South America Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue (M USD) by Countries (2015-2020) Table South America Medium Voltage Transformers Revenue Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Figure Brazil Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Argentina Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Columbia Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Chile Medium Voltage Transformers Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Top 3 Market Share of Medium Voltage Transformers Companies in 2019 Figure Top 6 Market Share of Medium Voltage Transformers Companies in 2019 Table Major Players Production Value ($) Share (2015-2020) Table Crompton Greaves Ltd Profile Table Crompton Greaves Ltd Product Introduction Figure Crompton Greaves Ltd Production and Growth Rate Figure Crompton Greaves Ltd Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020 Table Emerson Industrial Automation Profile Table Emerson Industrial Automation Product Introduction Figure Emerson Industrial Automation Production and Growth Rate Figure Emerson Industrial Automation Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020 Table Siemens Profile Table Siemens Product Introduction Figure Siemens Production and Growth Rate Figure Siemens Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020 Table Schneider Electric Profile Table Schneider Electric Product Introduction Figure Schneider Electric Production and Growth Rate Figure Schneider Electric Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020 Table Hammond Power Solutions Profile Table Hammond Power Solutions Product Introduction Figure Hammond Power Solutions Production and Growth Rate Figure Hammond Power Solutions Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020 Table Mitsubishi Electric Profile Table Mitsubishi Electric Product Introduction Figure Mitsubishi Electric Production and Growth Rate Figure Mitsubishi Electric Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020 Table ABB Profile Table ABB Product Introduction Figure ABB Production and Growth Rate Figure ABB Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020 Table Eaton Corporation Profile Table Eaton Corporation Product Introduction Figure Eaton Corporation Production and Growth Rate Figure Eaton Corporation Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020 Table Kirloskar Electric Profile Table Kirloskar Electric Product Introduction Figure Kirloskar Electric Production and Growth Rate Figure Kirloskar Electric Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020 Table SMA America Profile Table SMA America Product Introduction Figure SMA America Production and Growth Rate Figure SMA America Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020 Table Market Driving Factors of Medium Voltage Transformers Table Merger, Acquisition and New Investment Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Value ($) Forecast, by Type Table Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Volume Forecast, by Type Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Dry type (2020-2025) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Volume ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Dry type (2020-2025) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Oil immersed type (2020-2025) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Volume ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Oil immersed type (2020-2025) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of VPI type (2020-2025) Figure Global Medium Voltage Transformers Market Volume ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of VPI type (2020-2025) Table Global Market Value ($) Forecast by Application (2020-2025) Table Global Market Volume Forecast by Application (2020-2025) Figure Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Utility Use (2020-2025) Figure Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of Utility Use (2020-2025) Figure Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Commercial Use (2020-2025) Figure Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of Commercial Use (2020-2025) Figure Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Industrial Use (2020-2025) Figure Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of Industrial Use (2020-2025) Figure North America Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025) Figure North America Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025) Figure Europe Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025) Figure Europe Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025) Figure Asia Pacific Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025) Figure Asia Pacific Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025) Figure Middle East and Africa Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025) Figure Middle East and Africa Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025) Figure South America Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025) Figure South America Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025) Figure Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Table New Entrants SWOT Analysis Table New Project Analysis of Investment Recovery