Table of Contents 1 Thermal Flask Market Overview 1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Thermal Flask 1.2 Thermal Flask Segment by Type 1.2.1 Global Thermal Flask Production and CAGR (%) Comparison by Type (2014-2026) 1.2.2 The Market Profile of <1 Liter 1.2.3 The Market Profile of 1-2 Liter 1.2.4 The Market Profile of >2 Liter 1.3 Global Thermal Flask Segment by Application 1.3.1 Thermal Flask Consumption (Sales) Comparison by Application (2014-2026) 1.3.2 The Market Profile of Personal Use 1.3.3 The Market Profile of Commercial Use 1.4 Global Thermal Flask Market by Region (2014-2026) 1.4.1 Global Thermal Flask Market Size (Value) and CAGR (%) Comparison by Region (2014-2026) 1.4.2 United States Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.3 Europe Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.3.1 Germany Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.3.2 UK Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.3.3 France Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.3.4 Italy Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.3.5 Spain Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.3.6 Russia Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.3.7 Poland Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.4 China Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.5 Japan Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.6 India Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.7 Southeast Asia Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.7.1 Malaysia Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.7.2 Singapore Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.7.3 Philippines Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.7.4 Indonesia Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.7.5 Thailand Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.7.6 Vietnam Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.8 Central and South America Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.8.1 Brazil Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.8.2 Mexico Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.8.3 Colombia Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.9 Middle East and Africa Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.9.1 Saudi Arabia Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.9.2 United Arab Emirates Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.9.3 Turkey Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.9.4 Egypt Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.9.5 South Africa Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.4.9.6 Nigeria Thermal Flask Market Status and Prospect (2014-2026) 1.5 Global Market Size (Value) of Thermal Flask (2014-2026) 1.5.1 Global Thermal Flask Revenue Status and Outlook (2014-2026) 1.5.2 Global Thermal Flask Production Status and Outlook (2014-2026) 2 Global Thermal Flask Market Landscape by Player 2.1 Global Thermal Flask Production and Share by Player (2014-2019) 2.2 Global Thermal Flask Revenue and Market Share by Player (2014-2019) 2.3 Global Thermal Flask Average Price by Player (2014-2019) 2.4 Thermal Flask Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area and Product Type by Player 2.5 Thermal Flask Market Competitive Situation and Trends 2.5.1 Thermal Flask Market Concentration Rate 2.5.2 Thermal Flask Market Share of Top 3 and Top 6 Players 2.5.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion 3 Players Profiles 3.1 ZOJIRUSHI 3.1.1 ZOJIRUSHI Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.1.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.1.3 ZOJIRUSHI Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.1.4 ZOJIRUSHI Business Overview 3.2 Duck House 3.2.1 Duck House Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.2.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.2.3 Duck House Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.2.4 Duck House Business Overview 3.3 Tiger 3.3.1 Tiger Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.3.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.3.3 Tiger Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.3.4 Tiger Business Overview 3.4 Laken 3.4.1 Laken Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.4.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.4.3 Laken Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.4.4 Laken Business Overview 3.5 Fijoo 3.5.1 Fijoo Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.5.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.5.3 Fijoo Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.5.4 Fijoo Business Overview 3.6 Healthy Human 3.6.1 Healthy Human Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.6.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.6.3 Healthy Human Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.6.4 Healthy Human Business Overview 3.7 Emsa 3.7.1 Emsa Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.7.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.7.3 Emsa Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.7.4 Emsa Business Overview 3.8 Unique Effects 3.8.1 Unique Effects Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.8.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.8.3 Unique Effects Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.8.4 Unique Effects Business Overview 3.9 Zojirushi 3.9.1 Zojirushi Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.9.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.9.3 Zojirushi Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.9.4 Zojirushi Business Overview 3.10 Genuine Joe 3.10.1 Genuine Joe Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.10.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.10.3 Genuine Joe Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.10.4 Genuine Joe Business Overview 3.11 Utopia Home 3.11.1 Utopia Home Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.11.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.11.3 Utopia Home Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.11.4 Utopia Home Business Overview 3.12 Stanley 3.12.1 Stanley Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.12.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.12.3 Stanley Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.12.4 Stanley Business Overview 3.13 ProNomad 3.13.1 ProNomad Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.13.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.13.3 ProNomad Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.13.4 ProNomad Business Overview 3.14 Thermos 3.14.1 Thermos Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.14.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.14.3 Thermos Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.14.4 Thermos Business Overview 3.15 UNIWARE 3.15.1 UNIWARE Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 3.15.2 Thermal Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification 3.15.3 UNIWARE Thermal Flask Market Performance (2014-2019) 3.15.4 UNIWARE Business Overview 4 Global Thermal Flask Production, Revenue (Value), Price Trend by Type 4.1 Global Thermal Flask Production and Market Share by Type (2014-2019) 4.2 Global Thermal Flask Revenue and Market Share by Type (2014-2019) 4.3 Global Thermal Flask Price by Type (2014-2019) 4.4 Global Thermal Flask Production Growth Rate by Type (2014-2019) 4.4.1 Global Thermal Flask Production Growth Rate of <1 Liter (2014-2019) 4.4.2 Global Thermal Flask Production Growth Rate of 1-2 Liter (2014-2019) 4.4.3 Global Thermal Flask Production Growth Rate of >2 Liter (2014-2019) 5 Global Thermal Flask Market Analysis by Application 5.1 Global Thermal Flask Consumption and Market Share by Application (2014-2019) 5.2 Global Thermal Flask Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2014-2019) 5.2.1 Global Thermal Flask Consumption Growth Rate of Personal Use (2014-2019) 5.2.2 Global Thermal Flask Consumption Growth Rate of Commercial Use (2014-2019) 6 Global Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Region (2014-2019) 6.1 Global Thermal Flask Consumption by Region (2014-2019) 6.2 United States Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) 6.3 Europe Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) 6.4 China Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) 6.5 Japan Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) 6.6 India Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) 6.7 Southeast Asia Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) 6.8 Central and South America Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) 6.9 Middle East and Africa Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) 7 Global Thermal Flask Production, Revenue (Value) by Region (2014-2019) 7.1 Global Thermal Flask Production and Market Share by Region (2014-2019) 7.2 Global Thermal Flask Revenue (Value) and Market Share by Region (2014-2019) 7.3 Global Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) 7.4 United States Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) 7.5 Europe Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) 7.6 China Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) 7.7 Japan Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) 7.8 India Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) 7.9 Southeast Asia Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) 7.10 Central and South America Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) 7.11 Middle East and Africa Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) 8 Thermal Flask Manufacturing Analysis 8.1 Thermal Flask Key Raw Materials Analysis 8.1.1 Key Raw Materials Introduction 8.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials 8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials 8.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials 8.2 Manufacturing Cost Analysis 8.2.1 Labor Cost Analysis 8.2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis 8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Thermal Flask 9 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers 9.1 Thermal Flask Industrial Chain Analysis 9.2 Raw Materials Sources of Thermal Flask Major Players in 2018 9.3 Downstream Buyers 10 Market Dynamics 10.1 Drivers 10.2 Restraints 10.3 Opportunities 10.3.1 Advances in Innovation and Technology for Thermal Flask 10.3.2 Increased Demand in Emerging Markets 10.4 Challenges 10.4.1 The Performance of Alternative Product Type is Getting Better and Better 10.4.2 Price Variance Caused by Fluctuations in Raw Material Prices 10.5 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis 10.5.1 Threat of New Entrants 10.5.2 Threat of Substitutes 10.5.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 10.5.4 Bargaining Power of Buyers 10.5.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry 11 Global Thermal Flask Market Forecast (2019-2026) 11.1 Global Thermal Flask Production, Revenue Forecast (2019-2026) 11.1.1 Global Thermal Flask Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2026) 11.1.2 Global Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2026) 11.1.3 Global Thermal Flask Price and Trend Forecast (2019-2026) 11.2 Global Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast by Region (2019-2026) 11.2.1 United States Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) 11.2.2 Europe Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) 11.2.3 China Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) 11.2.4 Japan Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) 11.2.5 India Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) 11.2.6 Southeast Asia Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) 11.2.7 Central and South America Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) 11.2.8 Middle East and Africa Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) 11.3 Global Thermal Flask Production, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2019-2026) 11.4 Global Thermal Flask Consumption Forecast by Application (2019-2026) 12 Research Findings and Conclusion 13 Appendix 13.1 Methodology 13.2 Research Data Source

List of Tables and Figures Figure Thermal Flask Product Picture Table Global Thermal Flask Production and CAGR (%) Comparison by Type Table Profile of <1 Liter Table Profile of 1-2 Liter Table Profile of >2 Liter Table Thermal Flask Consumption (Sales) Comparison by Application (2014-2026) Table Profile of Personal Use Table Profile of Commercial Use Figure Global Thermal Flask Market Size (Value) and CAGR (%) (2014-2026) Figure United States Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Europe Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Germany Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure UK Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure France Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Italy Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Spain Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Russia Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Poland Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure China Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Japan Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure India Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Southeast Asia Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Malaysia Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Singapore Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Philippines Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Indonesia Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Thailand Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Vietnam Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Central and South America Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Brazil Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Mexico Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Colombia Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Middle East and Africa Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Saudi Arabia Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure United Arab Emirates Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Turkey Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Egypt Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure South Africa Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Nigeria Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2026) Figure Global Thermal Flask Production Status and Outlook (2014-2026) Table Global Thermal Flask Production by Player (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Production Share by Player (2014-2019) Figure Global Thermal Flask Production Share by Player in 2018 Table Thermal Flask Revenue by Player (2014-2019) Table Thermal Flask Revenue Market Share by Player (2014-2019) Table Thermal Flask Price by Player (2014-2019) Table Thermal Flask Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area by Player Table Thermal Flask Product Type by Player Table Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans Table ZOJIRUSHI Profile Table ZOJIRUSHI Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Duck House Profile Table Duck House Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Tiger Profile Table Tiger Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Laken Profile Table Laken Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Fijoo Profile Table Fijoo Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Healthy Human Profile Table Healthy Human Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Emsa Profile Table Emsa Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Unique Effects Profile Table Unique Effects Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Zojirushi Profile Table Zojirushi Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Genuine Joe Profile Table Genuine Joe Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Utopia Home Profile Table Utopia Home Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Stanley Profile Table Stanley Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table ProNomad Profile Table ProNomad Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Thermos Profile Table Thermos Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table UNIWARE Profile Table UNIWARE Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Production by Type (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Production Market Share by Type (2014-2019) Figure Global Thermal Flask Production Market Share by Type in 2018 Table Global Thermal Flask Revenue by Type (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Revenue Market Share by Type (2014-2019) Figure Global Thermal Flask Revenue Market Share by Type in 2018 Table Thermal Flask Price by Type (2014-2019) Figure Global Thermal Flask Production Growth Rate of <1 Liter (2014-2019) Figure Global Thermal Flask Production Growth Rate of 1-2 Liter (2014-2019) Figure Global Thermal Flask Production Growth Rate of >2 Liter (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Consumption by Application (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Consumption Market Share by Application (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Consumption of Personal Use (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Consumption of Commercial Use (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Consumption by Region (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Consumption Market Share by Region (2014-2019) Table United States Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) Table Europe Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) Table China Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) Table Japan Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) Table India Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) Table Southeast Asia Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) Table Central and South America Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) Table Middle East and Africa Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Production by Region (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Production Market Share by Region (2014-2019) Figure Global Thermal Flask Production Market Share by Region (2014-2019) Figure Global Thermal Flask Production Market Share by Region in 2018 Table Global Thermal Flask Revenue by Region (2014-2019) Table Global Thermal Flask Revenue Market Share by Region (2014-2019) Figure Global Thermal Flask Revenue Market Share by Region (2014-2019) Figure Global Thermal Flask Revenue Market Share by Region in 2018 Table Global Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table United States Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Europe Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table China Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Japan Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table India Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Southeast Asia Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Central and South America Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Middle East and Africa Thermal Flask Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019) Table Key Raw Materials Introduction of Thermal Flask Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials Figure Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Thermal Flask Figure Thermal Flask Industrial Chain Analysis Table Raw Materials Sources of Thermal Flask Major Players in 2018 Table Downstream Buyers Figure Global Thermal Flask Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2026) Figure Global Thermal Flask Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2026) Figure Global Thermal Flask Price and Trend Forecast (2019-2026) Table United States Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) Table Europe Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) Table China Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) Table Japan Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) Table India Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) Table Southeast Asia Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) Table Southeast Asia Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) Table Middle East and Africa Thermal Flask Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2019-2026) Table Global Thermal Flask Market Production Forecast, by Type Table Global Thermal Flask Production Volume Market Share Forecast, by Type Table Global Thermal Flask Market Revenue Forecast, by Type Table Global Thermal Flask Revenue Market Share Forecast, by Type Table Global Thermal Flask Price Forecast, by Type Table Global Thermal Flask Market Production Forecast, by Application Table Global Thermal Flask Production Volume Market Share Forecast, by Application Table Global Thermal Flask Market Revenue Forecast, by Application Table Global Thermal Flask Revenue Market Share Forecast, by Application Table Global Thermal Flask Price Forecast, by Application